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Department of Pharmacology

 
Read more at: Label-free detection of platelet adhesion to collagenous substrates

Label-free detection of platelet adhesion to collagenous substrates


Read more at: Constitutive dimerization of glycoprotein VI (GPVI) in resting platelets is essential for binding to collagen and activation in flowing blood.

Constitutive dimerization of glycoprotein VI (GPVI) in resting platelets is essential for binding to collagen and activation in flowing blood.

The platelet collagen receptor glycoprotein VI (GPVI) has been suggested to function as a dimer, with increased affinity for collagen. Dissociation constants (K(d)) obtained by measuring recombinant GPVI binding to collagenous substrates showed that GPVI dimers bind with high affinity to tandem GPO (Gly-Pro-Hyp) sequences in collagen, whereas the markedly lower affinity of the monomer for all substrates implies that it is not the collagen-binding form of GPVI.


Read more at: Commentary: Rab GTPase: A New Mitotic Delivery Service.

Commentary: Rab GTPase: A New Mitotic Delivery Service.


Read more at: Purification of Recombinant ESCRT-III Proteins and Their Use in Atomic Force Microscopy and In Vitro Binding and Phosphorylation Assays.

Purification of Recombinant ESCRT-III Proteins and Their Use in Atomic Force Microscopy and In Vitro Binding and Phosphorylation Assays.

The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT)-III proteins are known to assemble into filaments that mediate membrane remodeling and fission in various biological processes, including the formation of endosomal multivesicular bodies, viral budding, cytokinesis, plasma membrane repair, nuclear pore quality control, nuclear envelope reformation, and neuron pruning. The study of the regulation and function of ESCRT-III proteins is therefore crucial to understand these events and requires a combination of in vivo and in vitro experimental techniques.


Read more at: The midbody interactome reveals new unexpected roles for PP1 phosphatases in cytokinesis

The midbody interactome reveals new unexpected roles for PP1 phosphatases in cytokinesis

The midbody is an organelle assembled at the intercellular bridge between the two daughter cells at the end of mitosis. It controls the final separation of the daughter cells and has been involved in cell fate, polarity, tissue organization, and cilium and lumen formation. Here, we report the characterization of the intricate midbody protein-protein interaction network (interactome), which identifies many previously unknown interactions and provides an extremely valuable resource for dissecting the multiple roles of the midbody.


Read more at: Rab1 interacts with GOLPH3 and controls Golgi structure and contractile ring constriction during cytokinesis in Drosophila melanogaster.

Rab1 interacts with GOLPH3 and controls Golgi structure and contractile ring constriction during cytokinesis in Drosophila melanogaster.

Cytokinesis requires a tight coordination between actomyosin ring constriction and new membrane addition along the ingressing cleavage furrow. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying vesicle trafficking to the equatorial site and how this process is coupled with the dynamics of the contractile apparatus are poorly defined. Here we provide evidence for the requirement of Rab1 during cleavage furrow ingression in cytokinesis.


Read more at: Coordinated regulation of the ESCRT-III component CHMP4C by the chromosomal passenger complex and centralspindlin during cytokinesis

Coordinated regulation of the ESCRT-III component CHMP4C by the chromosomal passenger complex and centralspindlin during cytokinesis

The chromosomal passenger complex (CPC)-composed of Aurora B kinase, Borealin, Survivin and INCENP-surveys the fidelity of genome segregation throughout cell division. The CPC has been proposed to prevent polyploidy by controlling the final separation (known as abscission) of the two daughter cells via regulation of the ESCRT-III CHMP4C component. The molecular details are, however, still unclear. Using atomic force microscopy, we show that CHMP4C binds to and remodels membranes $\textit{in vitro}$.


Read more at: Regulation of midbody formation and function by mitotic kinases.

Regulation of midbody formation and function by mitotic kinases.

Cytokinesis is the final phase of cell division and safeguards the correct distribution of genomic and cytoplasmic materials between the two nascent daughter cells. The final separation, or abscission, of the daughter cells depends on the proper assembly of an organelle at the intercellular bridge, the midbody, which acts as a platform for the recruitment and organisation of various proteins involved in both the control and execution of the abscission process.


Read more at: New Auroras on the Roles of the Chromosomal Passenger Complex in Cytokinesis: Implications for Cancer Therapies.

New Auroras on the Roles of the Chromosomal Passenger Complex in Cytokinesis: Implications for Cancer Therapies.

The chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), composed of a kinase component, Aurora B, the scaffolding subunit inner centromeric protein, Borealin, and Survivin, is a key regulator of cell division. It controls multiple events, from chromosome condensation in prophase to the final separation or abscission of the two daughter cells. The essential functions of the CPC during metaphase, however, have always hindered an accurate study of its role during cytokinesis.


Read more at: The chromosomal passenger complex controls the function of endosomal sorting complex required for transport-III Snf7 proteins during cytokinesis.

The chromosomal passenger complex controls the function of endosomal sorting complex required for transport-III Snf7 proteins during cytokinesis.

Cytokinesis controls the proper segregation of nuclear and cytoplasmic materials at the end of cell division. The chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) has been proposed to monitor the final separation of the two daughter cells at the end of cytokinesis in order to prevent cell abscission in the presence of DNA at the cleavage site, but the precise molecular basis for this is unclear. Recent studies indicate that abscission could be mediated by the assembly of filaments comprising components of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport-III (ESCRT-III).